Volume 9, Issue 7, July 2018 Edition


Publication for Volume 9, Issue 7, July 2018.

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Review of evidence in Risk of preterm delivery in pregnant with placenta previa[ ]


The aim of this review was to give background knowledge of placenta previa, risk factors for preterm delivery and placenta previa, and their connection. We conducted detailed search through online databases as; PubMed, and Embase to find related studies published in English with human subjects till June, 2018.Placenta previa is an obstetric condition where the maturing placenta partially or entirely obstructs the internal cervical os. It is a major source of third-trimester bleeding and has been connected with serious maternal complications and unfavorable perinatal outcomes. Maternal issues connected with placenta previa include hemorrhage needing blood transfusion, disseminated intravascular coagulation and partial or overall hysterectomy. Maternities complicated by placenta previa also cause greater regularities of prematurity and fetal and neonatal fatality. Threat factors for placenta previa include previous uterine scar, smoking cigarettes, mother's age over 35 years, grandmultiparity, recurrent abortions, and low socioeconomic position.

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Effective of Dual-Energy (Spectral) CT Imaging in the differentiation of Lung Cancer[ ]


This review aimed to discuss effectiveness of Spectral CT in lung cancer,it’s application and to analyze the characteristics of lung squamous cell carcinoma (SC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) with spectral CT imaging. The search was developed and conducted using databases such; MEDLINE, EMBASE, for all studies concerning the CT scan in the differentiation of Lung Cancer.In lung cancer cells, the parameters of spectral CT imaging including NIC (normalized iodine concentration) and K values demonstrate the microvessel density and blood supply. Calcium composition is a sign of the development status of lung SC (squamous cell cancer). The results of IHC additionally shows substantial impact on prognosis and the selection of chemoradiotherapy. Spectral CT imaging based on the spectral differentiation of iodine is technically feasible and could quantitatively evaluate pulmonary perfusion and identify perfusion issues generated by central lung cancer. Spectral CT appears to be a promising, non-invasive strategy for the examination of lung morphology and functional information concurrently, such as lung ventilation and perfusion.

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An overview of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Pediatric Dentistry[ ]


In this Review due to expanding availability of SDF we discuss the effectiveness, indications for appliance and its disadvantages. We will focus on SDF usage in pediatric dentistry. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, to identify studies that are related to our topic “Silver Diamine Fluoride in Pediatric Dentistry” that were published up to May 2018. It is mentioned in the literary works that the most efficient, simplest, and least expensive decays preventive representatives are silver nitrate (which eliminates the causative bacteria) and fluoride (which makes the teeth much less soluble to bacterial acids)). The creation of a silver nitrate fluoride construct -silver diamine fluoride (SDF) -combines these two preventative representatives. SDF is thought to arrest and protect against decay progression by (1) killing the original bacteria, (2) depositing a layer of safety silver phosphate that resists additional decay, and (3) transforming the even more acid soluble hydroxyapatite to the much less soluble fluorapatite

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Efficiency and the adverse effect of systematic corticosteroid therapy for atopic dermatitis[ ]


This review sought to summarize the available evidence for using SCSs in Atopical dermatitis, it’s safety, efficiency and adverse effect. PubMed, Embase, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies to Efficiency and the adverse effect of systematic corticosteroid therapy for atopic dermatitis that was published up to 2018. Systemic corticosteroids are often utilized to manage atopic dermatitis, but their safety and effectiveness has not been systematically evaluated. SCSs could be a valuable therapy of AD flares owing to their rapid induction of a clinical reaction, perceived short-term safety and tolerability, and low cost. Nonetheless, few studies have determined the efficacy and safeness of SCSs in AD. Due to significant adverse effects, consisting of rebound flaring, use of systemic corticosteroids must be limited to short courses as a bridge to steroid-sparing treatments.

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CHALLENGES AFFECTING THE RELIABILITY OF DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES OF RAILWAY CORPORATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRY[ ]


The study examined the concepts of reliability engineering and maintenance management as a challenge affecting the reliability of diesel locomotives of Railway Corporation in developing country and suggested ways to improve it. The questionnaires were administered and expert opinions within the Railway Corporation were congregated in the area of diesel locomotive maintenance for the primary data.

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Prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis among post-menopausal women[ ]


Background: Osteoporosis is a widespread disease affecting about 75 million people, mostly postmenopausal women and represents a major cause of fractures in elderly.

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OPTIMISING CROP PRODUCTION AND CROP WATER MANAGEMENT IN A DEVELOPED INDIGENOUS DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM[ ]


In order to carry out a more effective use and management of water for crop production, a strategy that involve the use of technical and agricultural options that can lead to increase production with less water are elaborated by using concept of water use efficiency and water productivity in this paper. In order to achieve this, improved irrigation technology is considered paramount as expressed in indigenous drip irrigation system developed in National Centre for Agricultural Mechanization (NCAM), Ilorin, Nigeria, and other crop water management options such as irrigation scheduling techniques and more accurate estimates of crop water use using a model developed for an existing hydraulic weighing lysimeter in NCAM, Ilorin.

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Maximizing Biodiesel Production and Combustion to Discover Optimal Pathways using Specific Hydrocarbons, Varying [KOH] and Alcohol-to-Oil Ratios[ ]


Biodiesel is a carbon-neutral alternative to address sustainability and rising CO2 emission levels from fossil fuels. With the inevitable rise in global population, further research into biodiesel may lead to a fuel that can meet the world’s growing food and energy demand. The objective of this study is to understand the relationships between hydrocarbon length and energy density; [KOH] and percent yield; and alcohol-to-oil ratios and percent yield to optimize biodiesel production and energy combustion. Canola oil, methanol, and varying [KOH] were used in the synthesis of various biodiesel batches. The resulting pure biodiesel underwent calorimetry. We hypothesized that longer hydrocarbon length results in greater energy density. Our results support our hypothesis, which found that precursor oils with longer hydrocarbon length resulted in significantly greater energy density. We further hypothesized that an increase in [KOH] would lead to a peak percent yield of fatty acid methyl esters at 1% [KOH] and decrease upon [KOH] >1%. Our results refuted our hypothesis, instead suggesting ≥2% [KOH] as the peak percent yield. Lastly, we hypothesized that a 3:1 alcohol-to-oil ratio would produce a greater percent yield than a 6:1 ratio; our results were inconclusive. Marginal variations in procedures among research teams in conjunction with extraneous variables resulted in slight inconsistencies. Our findings suggest a combination of canola oil, methanol, and 2% [KOH] to produce optimal biodiesel.

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The Biogas From Biomass Waste[ ]


The Raw materials from plants such as rice stalks and straw may produce methane gas of about 55%.. The Biogas is the gas which able to produce from agricultural waste or animal husbandry as the raw materials. . The Biogas is renewable energy with circumstance friendly and easy to produce. . The biogas is cheap enough compare with others gas or natural gas. The Biogas weighs 20% lighter than air, it has a combustion temperature of 650o-750 oC, odorless and colorless. The Biogas when burned will produce blue color. The Methane gas calorific value is 20 MJ / m3 with a combustion efficiency of 60% on a conventional biogas stove.

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A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE EVALUATION OF FRAMEWORK FOR AGENT ORIENTED METHODOLOGIES[ ]


Multiple agent-oriented methodologies were introduced in recent years. However no systematic evaluation of these was offered. In this work we presented an evaluation framework for agent-oriented methodologies: The review of this evaluation framework focused on four major facets of a methodology, namely: Concepts and Properties, Notations and Modeling techniques, Development Process, and Pragmatics. In analyzing the results, the author recognized that the mentioned facets of methodology need further improvements within the existing agent-oriented methodologies.

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EFFECT OF FIRE EXTINGUISHING METHOD AND SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO ON ULTIMATE STRENGTH OF RC COLUMNS SUBJECTED TO FIRE[ ]


Concrete is more durable against fire than other construction materials. However, high temperature has deteriorating effects on concrete mechanical properties. Decrease of strength at higher tempera¬ture can be associated with various reasons, such as micro-and macro-cracks in concrete, volume expansion of coarse aggregates and the deterioration of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel in the cement paste.

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Study on Prediction of Viscosity of Automobile Lubricants at Different Temperatures[ ]


Viscosity is one of the most important rheological properties of lubricating oils. This study investigated the trend of viscosity variation with temperature for automobile lubricants. Commercial lubricating oil performance was examined for several different base oils.The complicating factor is that oil’s viscosity varies with changes in temperature: thinner when hot and thicker when cold. Two classes of lubricants as well as the different grades of lubricants for Petrol Automotive Engines and their individual resistance to temperature were investigated.

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Corrosion in Fuel System Component Material by Premium Fuel Mixed with Bioethanol[ ]


This research to decide how much percentage of bioethanol in the corrosion, the influence of long corrosion rate, and the resulting corrosion product. The corrosion method used in this study is the immersion method using a premium fuel solution mixed with bioethanol. The data in question are. Corrosion weight with multiple linear regression. The composition of the immersion solution was examined with the XRF analyzer. The corrosion process occurs first on the fuel composition of P80-E20, P15-E85, P50-E50 in comparison to the fuel composition of P100, and E100. The highest average value of corrosion rate of carbon steel material was 188,347 mpy at E100-P0 immersion solution

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Omega-3 awareness and consumption among KFU medical students[ ]


Aim To measure the level of awareness and consumption of Omega-3 among different ages of medical students at KFU. In addition, to discover whether there is any relationship between males and females in their consumption. Finally, to assess whether medical students apply their knowledge in the reality specifically. Research background Omega-3 fatty acids have been acknowledged as an essential very long-chain fatty acids contributing to either achieving optimal health or protection against diseases (3),(4),(5).Method It is a cross sectional study, the number of participants was 204 students. Data collected through a questionnaire, which distributed online and through hard copies distribution. The questionnaire covered three parts, biographical data; assess the awareness of Omega-3, and consumption. Data analyzed statically using chi-square test.Result the study demon-strated that there was a relationship in the level of consumption and awareness among males and females of KFU. In addition, medical students within age of 21-23 years old are having the highest level of awareness of Omega-3 comparing to other age group that lies between 18-20 years old. In spite of the high level of the awareness, these students do not consider consumption of Omega-3 as a part of their healthy diet. Conclusion Medical students of KFU are not applying their knowledge in their daily life.

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Vitreous Hemmorages Detection Due To Diabetic Retinopathy: Severe Proliferative Disease[ ]


Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) is the advanced stage of Diabetic Retinopathy(DR) which includes Vitreous Hemorrhages (VH) disease, the severe stage of diabetic retinopathy occur in the vitreous region of the eye. VH is caused due to the bleeding in the vitreous region of the eye, which appears as new floaters like the number of dots and swirls and sometimes dots which may cause loss of vision. In our proposed work, Vector quantization method is used which involves the grouping of the test image into clusters by finding the difference of the intensity values from the cluster. The pre-processing of the image includes the noise removal by using the median filter followed by the normalization of the image using histogram equalization.

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Analysis of the Relationship in between Income Diversification and Performance of Commercial Banks Operating in Sri Lanka[ ]


Empirical observation in banking arguments that diversification tends to minimize bank risk and improve performance. The main objective of the study was to identify whether there is an impact of income diversification on commercial banks’ performance which are operating in Sri Lanka.Data set of the study covers Sri Lanka private commercial banks during the sample period of 2010 – 2015. Data utilized this study was extracted from the comprehensive income statements and financial positions of selected banks. Herfindahl index used to derive diversification index. Multiple regression analysis used as method to identify whether there is a relationship between diversification and performance variables including some control variables like asset size, equity, interest rate and asset growth.

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DETERMINING THE MENTAL ELEMENT OF SMUGGLING IN NIGERIA[ ]


Crime is old as man. It is a product of society and no matter the level of sophistication, it is manifesting itself not only in public, but even in privacy where there is no one watching . Different disciplines define crime from different perspective and the concept often tends to be difficult to grapple with. Crime however is off diverse dimensions, but our focus here is the crime of smuggling. The paper therefore examines the nature of the crime culminating in its elements with particular reference to the actus reus and mensrea . A distinction is also made of situations where the commission of the crime tend to be strict, which often seems a game of hazard. This therefore calls for a more authoritative legislative action .

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Design and construction of a smart electric metering system for smart grid applications: Nigeria as a case study[ ]


Electricity has become a dominant variable of any economy and there’s an urgent demand for a means of managing this resource. The concept of smart metering is an important one and has been touted as the disruptive technology which will enable both residential consumers and utility providers save costs. Smart meters facilitates two-way communications between consumers and utilities and this offers a myriad of opportunities to both parties. This research therefore aims to create a better understanding of the value and importance of smart metering. An introduction to smart metering as well as the general concept of electricity metering is provided in this thesis. Furthermore, a design which is compatible with all types of existing metering systems is proposed and implemented.

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Role of Tourism Stakeholders in Conservation of Coral reef ecosystems[ ]


Coral reefs are diverse underwater invertebrate organisms which provide habitat to a number of other marine species. They are a significant revenue source for tourism businesses and for the local communities in reef bearing regions of the world. In the recent decades though, coral reef ecosystems have been under stress due to human induced climate change caused by the release of greenhouse gases. Tourism industry is one of the contributors of these greenhouse gases which makes it responsible for the conservation and preservation of coral reefs. With this in view, the aim of this study is to understand the involvement of tourism industry in conservation and restoration of coral reefs.

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Software Testing Basic Principles and Testing Methodologies[ ]


This paper Programming testing is exceptionally basic in the present situation, for this the seven basic standards are required which has beenseen since most recent 40 years. This paper depicts the standards and cases of for every rule alongside their prerequisite. It moreover portrays how to detect these standards and how to exploit them. This will improve an analyzer. In this paper there is clarification for why testing is required, what are the diverse strides for testing, what is V-display. With cutting edge PC innovation, frameworks are getting bigger to satisfy more confused errands: be that as it may, they are additionally winding up less solid. Thusly, testing is a basic piece of framework plan and usage; yet it has ended up being an imposing undertaking for complex frameworks.

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Simulation Model for Analysis the Induction Motor Starting Methods in Term of Electrical Power Quality[ ]


Power quality is one of the most talked about topics these days. Both the power utilities and customers are quite concerned with the quality of the power supply, whether it is the power generated by the power utilities or the power consumed by the customers respectively. The most frequent power quality events that occur are voltage sags and voltage transients as well as harmonics. Generally, voltage sags occur due to short-circuit faults, however, motor starting is also the main cause of the voltage sags. Induction Motor draws a high starting current during starting period which effects on electromagnetic torque, speed and current. Traditional method include induction motor direct on-line, auto transformer, star delta starter etc. This paper presents a comparison between the Direct-On-Line and Star-Delta induction motor starting method in terms of power quality. Simulation is made in MATLAB and comparatively results are estimated. The analysis of induction motors operation under voltage sags is investigated.

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Challenges in Utilizing Water Resources in Lower Reaches of Kanakarayanaru of Northern Sri Lanka for Efficient and Equitable Water Allocation[ ]


Even though the Northern part of Sri Lanka is dry zone, it has potential water resources by the means of constructed tanks and diversion along the river basins. But some part of this region still frequently suffering many water related issues and water scarcity, not only in the domestic usage but also for demand for agriculture.

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Step by Step for Designing an Optimum Heat Exchanger Network[ ]


Features of energy crisis became more complicated due to shortage of non- renewable sources of energy. While energy requirements increase parallel to technology progress. Energy researchers always apply energy targeting methodology to reduce utilities consumption. Designing a Heat Exchangers Network [HEN] by application of pinch analysis is an effective technique for energy integration. I can say that this work is specific and simple course for designing a HEN through case study application. Where 8 alternatives Grass roots HEN designs with 66% of utilities saving are concluded. Minimization of units and cost, process control and operability are important factors for choosing the suitable HEN design. Revamping of the existing process to maximize energy recovery with least alterations and cost took place; where net annual saving reached to 1,400,000 $.

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Survey On Task Based and Chat Style Systems using Reinforcement Learning[ ]


In today's World the Systems that are being used are either Taskbased Dialogue systems else it is the Chatbot that fulfills the user requirements. Chatbots Deals with unforeseen input provided by the user to a great extent, Taskbased systems are designed for Specified Task mostly. Amazon echo (ALEXA) and Apple’s siri have come up with great aspects of combing the chatbased and Taskbased System but have some Limitations and shortcomings. To overcome the aforementioned issues this paper addresses different autonomous robotic systems that are either taskbased dialogue systems or only chat based systems or the system that uses the combination of taskbased and chat style features are studied where Reinforcement Learning (RL) is being employed.

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MULTI-CRITERIA DECISSION MAKING IN INDUSTRIES[ ]


Selecting the right suppliers significantly reduces the purchasing cost and improves corporate competitiveness, which is why experts believe that the supplier selection is the most important activity of a purchasing department in the manufacturing industries. Supplier selection is the process by which suppliers are reviewed, evaluated, and chosen to become part of the company's supply chain in order to reduce the purchasing cost, quality problems, and long-lead times so that corporate competitiveness can be achieved.

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Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding Rabies in Rural area of Lahore[ ]


INTRODUCTION: Rabies is most common in the world where stray dogs are presented in large numbers, particularly in under developing countries. Rabies generally influences poor rural communities especially children are influenced in extensive number. Rabies is an endemic disease. Rabies is a deadly infection which is present in the salivation of infected animals. The rabies infection is typically transmitted through animal bite. Residential and wild animals both are responsible for rabies. Causative agent of rabies is negative standard RNA virus from Genus Lyssavirus.

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Artificial Intelligence Implications for Business Strategy: “Constructing a Strategic “Road-Map.”[ ]


This paper is a written effort to present the construction of a strategic “road-map,” which in its turn could serve as a business template for any entrepreneurial effort in the field of algorithmic trading in the financial markets and the corresponding demand for such products and services. The current status of the relevant technology and its possible short-term future, embodied in a business organism, are considered by the examination of the potential impact and importance of AI technologies. Simultaneously, the maximization of collective intelligence, namely the best form of partnership between a human and a machine, is pursued through the distribution of their roles and their day to day interaction. This interaction results in penetrating the market with the creation of high-quality products (aka robotic trading advisers), and by the adaptation of the appropriate business strategy.

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SPACE MEASUREMENTS OF RELIABILITY AND THE HOPE FOR IT[ ]


Research of the reliability problem is related to the choice of methods that can provide rational solutions, both in the technical and technological field, as well as within the scope of the socio-economic, public and environmental-space dimensions. The choice of a research depends on the nature of the subject of our knowledge as well as on the level of development of the theoretical and social thinking that is characteristic of the age we live in.

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Determination of the Effect of Fiber Volume Fraction on The Buckling Behavior of Ant-Symmetric Angle Ply Laminated Carbon Fiber, Boron Fiber and Glass Fiber Composite Plates[ ]


There have been numerous studies on the composite laminated structures which use for many applications in engineering fields namely aerospace, biomedical, civil, marine, sport goods, electronics materials and mechanical engineering because of their high strength and stiffness to weight ratio, ease of handling, good mechanical properties, low fabrication cost, excellent damage tolerance and impact resistance. Buckling behavior of laminated composite plates subjected to in-plane loads is an important factor specially in the design of Aerospace crafts and launch vehicle components.

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Bringing an RBC Model to the Data: The case of Albania[ ]


This paper presents an empirical investigation of the basic RBC model. The empirical analysis uses Penn Word Tables data for Albania during 1970-2014. The results omit the calibration of the model. Instead, this work aims to examine whether some of the Kaldor's facts are observable for the Albanian macroeconomic series including output, consumption, investment, capital stock and labor supply. The method used consists in smoothing, detrending, descriptive statistics and impulse response functions (IRF).

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Cationization of Cotton Using Extracted Keratin from Human Cut Hair Waste for Salt Free Dyeing With Reactive Dye[ ]


Cotton fabric is the most widely used natural fiber in the world textile industry due to its comfortable and hydrophilic properties. Reactive dye is commonly used to dye cotton fabric because of its high wash fastness property. However, the main drawback of reactive dye is low equilibrium exhaustion, due to similarity of negative charge of dye and cellulose fiber tends to repeal each other requiring high amounts of salt in the dyeing bath to overcome repulsive charge between cotton and reactive dyes.

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Catalytic Reduction of Nox[ ]


Improving efficiency of catalytic reduction of NOx at post- combustion stage

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Paracetamol as an Inhibitor Corrosion of Low Carbon Steel in Gasoline Environment[ ]


Paracetamol contains organic compounds that are safe to use in the environment and are commercially available. Both of these are the reasons for using this drug as a corrosion inhibitor for low carbon steel. Corrosion inhibition of low carbon steel in the gasoline environment by paracetamol drugs was investigated by weight loss and FT-IR. The value of the corrosion rate of low carbon steel and inhibitor efficiency was obtained from the weight loss test for eight weeks of immersion with the variation of paracetamol concentration ranging from 0-100 ppm. While the mechanism of inhibition of paracetamol drug is proved by FT-IR test and isothermal adsorption calculation.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Copper(II) Complexes of Salicylaldehyde Semicarbazone and 1,10 Phenanthroline and their Antibacterial Activities[ ]


Copper(II) complexes of Salicylaldhyde semicarbazone and 1,10 Phenanthroline were synthesised and characterized using physio-chemical and spectroscopic methods such as Infra-red spectra, electronic spectra, conductivity and melting point measurements. The anti-bacterial activities of metal-complexes and ligands were evaluated using standard agar well diffusion method. Pure bacteria cultures of Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative) were used to check the anti-bacterial activities of all compounds. Anti-bacterial activities were compared by measuring the diameter of zone of inhibition and amoxicillin was used as reference. All compounds showed significant antibacterial activity in different range against gram Positive & gram Negative bacteria.

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Compact Printed Quasi-Self Complementary Ultra Wideband (UWB) Antenna[ ]


In this paper, a compact ultra wideband antenna has been realized. The compact size stem from the usage of a quasi-self-complementary structure with triangular notch and stub in the ground plane. The quasi-self-complementary structure is constructed using fractal shape technique with a stepped feedline.

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