International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 3, Issue 11, November-2012
ISSN 2229-5518
The research paper published by IJSER journal is about Implementation of Scrum Methodology for Optimizing the Working of Edcational System Nilima yadav, Sarvesh Tanwar
Abstract— This paper will contain the implementation of a very successful and high performance oriented concept of SCRUM (Agile Methodology) into a totally new domain area i.e. Education. Scrum and education sector are two very different concepts and are very uncommon to each other .This paper will help us to guide how SCRUM will be mapped and implemented into the working of an educ ation system and how can it improve productivity and better monitoring of the various activities which were done on an unplanned basis. We have provided real scenario based mapping of various stakeholders from SCRUM concept to those in the Education system who wil l be part of the model and will be responsible in implementing the processes in such a way that SCRUM comes out to be a better implication to them in terms of performance monitoring of the faculties as well as the students .This paper will also help us check the impact of SCRUM methodology apart from the software projects and processes.
Index Terms: Scrum, Sprint, Product Owner, Retrospection, Product Backlog, Scrum Artifacts, Scrum Meetings, Burn Downchart.
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Software development process is basically used to de- velop software product which followed specific process. Software development process is also known as software process life-cycle (SDLC) [2]. It comes into category of soft- ware development life cycle. There are number of models with
variety of tasks and activities, Agile is one of them
Agile software development is an iterative ,incremental and time boxed approach which comes into under group of soft- ware development methods where requirements and solu- tions evolve through collaboration between self-organizing and cross-functional teams. It promotes adaptive planning and conceptual framework that promotes foreseen interactions throughout the development cycle.
Scrum is a process used for agile software development basi- cally it is a framework rather than full process or methodology [3]. So software development team is responsible to decide detailed description “how everything is to be done in the project” .In scrum, a series of iteration is known as a sprint which decides the progress and time boxing for the project. Scrum is daily used for those projects which have rapid changes and highly emergent requirements.
Fig 1 : Iterative and incremental approach
There are many key persons with different roles and responsi- bilities who give their guidance, which make scrum model best from other models.
Single person responsible for maximizing the develop- ment effort.
Responsible to give new visionary direction in develop-
ment of product [1].
Design product backlog list which is indirectly “the voice
of customer” and prioritizes the user story in product Back- log by ensuring the value of the work the Development Team does.
Final approval and stamping of requirements questions is
done by product owner.
Decide the acceptance or rejection for each product incre-
ment which may be gives the direction to continue or end the development process.
Take decision regarding product “shippable mode”.
He/she has a role of leader who may be a member of the development team but we cannot combine his/her role with scrum master.
Scrum master works as team’s coach who helps the team
members to achieve their goals with high performance [1].
Scrum master is not traditional project manager because he/she works as project manager com as developer with team members.
Scrum master gives the direction to team members by this
they can only focus on the goal which they have selected during each sprint.
Helps the team members if they get any obstacles.
Creates a favorable environment for the team’ self- organization
IJSER © 2012
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 3, Issue 11, November-2012
ISSN 2229-5518
He/ She Has a leadership role over team members.
Scrum development team has two functionality one is
Cross-functionality and second is self organizing.
Self-organizing / self-managing, without externally as-
signed roles [3].
Cross functionality in scrum team enables team members
should to do different kind of work in a team.
Scrum development team members come with various job titles like (Developer, Tester Executives, Customer )
Each team members contributes their best they can do for
each sprint.
Negotiates commitments with the Product Owner.
Average Size of development team is recommended.
The product owner and team member along with the scrum master conduct a sprint planning meeting for de- ciding which product backlog item they would take to convert, working product in each sprint.
Product owner is responsible for prioritizing the items
which is more important.
Daily scrum and sprint execution: The team members are free to select balanced amount of work which they can implement without any technical obstacles.
The team member’s pull work from product backlog and
complete it in the sprint.
Sprint review meeting only demonstrates an incremental working product to the product owner and everyone else.
Live demonstration is necessary rather a report.
End of sprint review meeting, the product owner reviews and revised the sprint planning meeting.
The scrum master helps to product owner and stake-
holders to revising the product backlog items with new priorities.
It is like inspection meeting for external stakeholders
(even end users) to attend and proposed or refine the re- quirements.
Sprint retrospective meeting is conducted after comple- tion of each sprint
The team member generates and reflects on its own
process during this they can inspect their behavior and take appropriate action for future sprint.
Three things are going to be noticed :
1) Is everything going well?
2) Need any improvement?
3) Stop, if problem occurred?
Scrum master and development team members append a total of 15 minutes at the same time and place to re- porting to each other.
Three questions are generated in this sprint
during sprint execution and some common addition fetchers are detected to achieve the sprint goal.
The product backlog which is decide by the product owner is further analyzed at granular level and certain refinement added into it which make it more helpful in developing a release backlog.
Scrum artifacts are the various documents that are created before or during the sprint in the project.
Prioritize ranked list with desired functionality and set of user story which is atomic unit of work.
Priorities of the user stories are decided by the product
owner.
Product owner can re-prioritize the list during or end of the sprint.
It is transparent to all stakeholders.
Fig. 2 Product Backlog (set of User Stories)
Product Backlog Items are nothing just as user story.
Product Backlog Items defines the product widely and prevent it from technical fault.
Effort estimation is calculated by relative unit that is
story point.
IJSER © 2012
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 3, Issue 11, November-2012
ISSN 2229-5518
Signifies the total reaming work hours in one sprint.
It is estimated day by day, which may go up or go down.
Team gets self organized by on the basis of day by day work [1].
Fig. 3 Collection of story point comes out as smallest component
Fig. 5 Burn down chart
Product backlog items are decided or negotiated be- tween the team members and by product owner, dur- ing sprint planning meeting.
Requirement should not be changed during sprint ex- ecution.
Initially team members defined the task during sprint
planning meeting.
Transparent to all team members and it can be revised
during daily scrum meeting.
Fig. 4 User Story as divided into subdivided task
The only problem with scrum methodology is that it is not applicable to fixed cost project.
Fixed cost project are evaluated in terms of monitory fixed investment and fixed engagement of skilled user which might increase or decrees the cost dependent upon the project management technique followed.
In this paper we will provide a technical solution to an educational system through which they can keep a track of all the working in their semester and also pro- vide them tools with the help of which they will be able to measure their performance at the end of the semester.
We have mapped the Scrum Model Key Roles members with the following Key Roles members of the Education system.
Table.1: key roles of members in academics
It is targeted how to achieve or completed product back log items.
Eight hours in one day dedicated to each team mem-
ber for sprint task.
Re-estimate the reaming task.
Entire tam collaboration is needed.
HOD has been mapped with product owner who will take care of the following activities?
IJSER © 2012
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 3, Issue 11, November-2012
ISSN 2229-5518
Decide tasks (Product Backlog) which needs to be al- lotted to the Scrum master (Coordinator).
Conduct Meeting (Scrum daily meeting Retrospective
meeting,) with co-coordinator and teachers.
Fig 6: Key members with brief responsibilities
Coordinator has been mapped with Scrum Master who will take daily regular meeting (Scrum Master) with the Team Members and answer the following Points:
What did you teach yesterday?
What will you teach today?
Are you facing any problem?
Fig. 7 Daily scrum meeting mapping with academics scenario
Faculties will be mapped to Team Members who will take care of the development of the students by follow- ing activities:
Design Course Material.
Take Classes.
Complete syllabus.
Take Regular Tests.
Analyze the performance of the Students.
Create Syllabus Completion Chart (Burn Down
Chart)
Course completion chart
Marks chart
Attendance chart with respect to subject
Time boxed syllabus completion would decide a sprint.
7 PROPOSED AUTOMATED SOLUTION:
The Automated system will have the ability to Plan, Track and Monitor the entire process of a semester in an educational institute which will be taken care of by an automated system which will have the features:
One semester will be considered as one project.
Faculties will register themselves through registra- tion. If already registered they will use the previous ID.
One of them will be made HOD by system admin.
The HOD will then make coordinator.
The coordinator will then add faculties.
The faculty will be allotted with subject syllabus by scrum master.
HOD will decide work for the Coordinator and
The Faculties (product backlog).
Coordinator will take up the task in the sprint back- log will be allotted to Faculties (team member).
7.1 Module description:
Task allocation module
o Product backlog define by product owner.
o Allot product backlog to coordinator.
Attendance module
o Each faculty and coordinator will keep the record of the attendance of the student.
o Upload the list of student.
Assessment module
o Self analysis.(regarding students)
o Original marks.
o Graph plotting.
Release backlog
o Attendance list of student in 1 sprint.
o Course completion in 1 sprint by faculty.
o Number of marks in the test (marks analysis).
Burn down chart
o Course completion.
o Marks chart.
o Attendance chart with respect to subject.
IJSER © 2012
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 3, Issue 11, November-2012
ISSN 2229-5518
Retrospective meeting
o If faculty is not able to finish their work they will write a comment about it and submit in to HOD.
The authors wish to thank Dr. Prema K. V.
[1]http://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/topics/scrum
[2]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrum_%28development%
29 [3]http://scrummethodology.com/.
Fig 8: Module Description
We would like to propose the following Technology for de- velopment of the Project.
Table 2: Technology description
TASK | TECHNOLOGY |
Code Development | ASP.NET 4.0 Using C# , Ajax |
Database | SQL Server 2008 |
Reporting | SSRS Reporting 2008 |
Tools | Visual Studio 2010 |
From the overall study and research of the scrum method we have come to a conclusion that the implementation of scrum methodology into education system would increase the per- formance more than 40%. Better monitoring and control would enable the education system to have a barterer track of what need to be done and at time which will help them in bet- ter performing their tasks.
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