The research paper published by IJSER journal is about Tracking System using GPS and GSM: Practical Approach 1

ISSN 2229-5518

Tracking System using GPS and GSM: Practical

Approach

Sameer Darekar, Atul Chikane, Rutujit Diwate, Amol Deshmukh, Prof. Archana Shinde

AbstractThe ability to track, trace and control anything by anyone from anywhere on the planet has been mankind’s unf ulfilled desire. The usefulness of GSM and GPS has made them popular in their own context; integrating these technologies can prove to be a fl amboyant solution for many unsolved problems. The idea of this paper is to integrate these two technologies into o ne system and provide an effective application for vehicle tracking as well as personal tracking. To implement a multi tracking system use of the following two technologies can be made, firstly GSM(Global System for Mobile) which is a set of standards to d escribe technologies for Second Generation (2G) and GPS(Global Positioning System) which is a satellite-based navigation system consisting several satellites revolving around the earth. The system will provide solution for tracking and tracing of multiple movable objects at a same time, so the name Multi-Tracking System. We can see the current location of the object and other add-on features, for vehicles there will be live tracing and tracking via GPS, controlling its subsystem parts via GSM network using SMS or GPRS. The whole system will be implemented in Microsoft .Net Technology, for system components C#.net will be used and for web based parts ASP.net will be used.

Index TermsGPS, GSM, KML, Microsoft.net, Multi-Tracking System, Socket Listener

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1 INTRODUCTION

RYING to figure out where we are is probably man’s old- est pastime. Consider a transport company having many vehicles, managing all such vehicles keeping a track of their drivers, maintaining all the vehicles is a very hectic job. So there is a need of a system which could maintain all this essential details. We can provide an add-on to this by getting the live location of each vehicle and finding their path, also we
can determine what their current speed is. The GPS consists of 3 segments [1]
• Space Segment
• Control Segment
• User Segment
The Space Segment consists of a nominal constellation of 24
GPS satellites. Each satellite broadcasts RF ranging codes and
a navigation data message. The Control Segment consists of a
network of monitoring and control facilities which are used to
manage the satellite constellation and update the satellite na- vigation data messages. The User Segment consists of a varie- ty of radio navigation receivers specifically designed to re- ceive, decode, and process the GPS satellite ranging codes and
navigation data messages [1].
A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing
the signals sent by GPS satellites high above the Earth. Each
satellite continually transmits messages that include
• The time the message was transmitted
• Precise orbital information the general system health
and rough orbits of all GPS satellites.
The receiver uses the messages it receives to determine the
transit time of each message and computes the distance to each satellite. These distances along with the satellites' loca- tions are used with the possible aid of trilateration depending
on which algorithm is used, to compute the position of the receiver. This position is then displayed, perhaps with a mov- ing map display or latitude and longitude; elevation informa- tion may be included. Many GPS units show derived informa- tion such as direction and speed, calculated from position changes [2], [3].
GPS tracking systems are used to track anyone and any- thing these days. Technology has rapidly advanced in the past few years and it has become very easy for the average person to use a tracking system. If you have a vehicle, then you may want to place a GPS tracking system under your dash or in your glove compartment. This way, if your car ever gets sto- len, you will be able to locate it within seconds and you can catch the culprit.
If you have a small child, you will want to have a tracking system in place in case they get lost or wander off. Every second counts with a lost or abducted child, so a tracking de- vice is imperative to avoid a possible disastrous and heartbreaking outcome. If you have valuable items in your home like jewelry, or electronics you will want a GPS tracking system in case they are ever stolen. There are also various tracking systems that can locate items inside buildings and parking garages.
If you have a teenager son or daughter, you will want to use a GPS tracking system to make sure that they are driving responsibly and they are going where they told you they were going. If you suspect your spouse or significant other of cheat- ing, a good tracking system will be able to confirm or absolve your suspicions.

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The research paper published by IJSER journal is about Tracking System using GPS and GSM: Practical Approach 2

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2 EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES

2.1 Automotive Navigation System [4]

An Autmotive navigation system is a satellite navigation system designed for use in automobiles. We may see this sys- tem primarily in high cost cars. It typically uses a GPS naviga- tion device to acquire position data to locate the user on a road in the unit's map database. Using the road database, the unit can give directions to other locations along roads also in its database. Dead reckoning using distance data from sensors attached to the drivetrain, a gyroscope and an accelerometer can be used for greater reliability, as GPS signal loss and/or multipath can occur due to urban canyons or tunnels, also this device can lead the driver to a particular destination by sens- ing the position of the car continuously.
The portable GPS devices have helped increase and en- hance safety for the people. In addition, the GPS system is a phenomenal navigational tool that is vital to every traveler. This system is good for the driver but by this system the own- er of the vehicle cannot know the current vehicle details as and when needed, so this system may be useful to the driver but it is not that useful to the owner of the vehicle who may want to keep a watch on the driver.

2.2 GPSylon System [5]

GPSylon is able to show maps downloaded from the expedia map servers. It may connect to a GPS device and track your position on the maps. At the moment, it is able to read GPS data in the NMEA standard from a serial GPS device, a file or a GPS daemon across a network. The main feature is the display of various maps. GPSylon allows the user to navigate around like in a digital atlas. It shows maps of different scales, so missing maps of one scale do not result in a black screen, but show the next larger scale.
It allows the download of a single map or for a given loca-
tion or for multiple maps in a given rectangular area from mapblast or expedia map servers. In the download mouse mode the user may choose a single map or by dragging a rec- tangle with the mouse, the user may choose to download maps for a larger area. This functionality allows the user to download maps in a given scale for a larger area

2.3 Open GTS (GPS Tracking System) [6]

It is an open source project designed specifically to provide

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Sameer Darekar is currently pursuing bachelor’s degree program in Infoma- tion Technology from Sinhgad Academy of Engineering affiliated to Pune University, India. E-mail: sameer.v.darekar@gmail.com

Atul Chikane is currently pursuing bachelor’s degree program in Informa-

tion Technology from Sinhgad Academy of Engineering affiliated to Pune

University, India. E-mail: atul.chikane@gmail.com

Rutujit Diwate is currently pursuing bachelor’s degree program in Infoma-

tion Technology from Sinhgad Academy of Engineering affiliated to Pune

University, India. E-mail: rutujit@gmail.com

Amol Deshmukh is currently pursuing bachelor’s degree program in Infor- mation Technology from Sinhgad Academy of Engineering affiliated to Pune University, India. E-mail: amol4291@gmail.com

Prof. Archana S. Shinde received bachelor’s degree from Swami Ramanand

Teerth University, currently pursuing Masters degree from Pune Universi-

ty, India. E-mail: archana.shinde46@gmail.com

web-based GPS tracking services for a "Fleet" of vehicles. It was designed to fill the needs of an entry-level Fleet tracking system.
There are many other applications similar to these applica- tions which may have some adantages or disadvantages.

3 EXPLANATION OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM

Fig. 1. Physical working of the proposed system

The Physical Components of Tracking System are

GPS Satellite
Car or Person with compatible Device
GSM Service Provider
Tracking Server
Client PC
GPS satellite sends GPS data to the device which temporal- ly stores the data in case of car we use AVL (Advance Vehicle Locator) and in case of person we use a specially prepared device for personal tracking containing the panic button for the purpose of emergency. This device contains a SIM card which is used to communicate with the local GSM network thus the device uses GPS as well as GSM network.
The data on the device is send to the tracking server via GPRS through the local network. On the tracking server there is a software component called as Socket Listener to get the data from the device on a particular socket. After the data is received in hexadecimal format it is parsed and converted to readable format by the parser and converter, the data is then stored into the database and further processing is done for alerts and reports generation.
Geo fence [10] can be created on the Google maps pro- vided so whenever the device enters the geo fence or leaves it,

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The research paper published by IJSER journal is about Tracking System using GPS and GSM: Practical Approach 3

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an alert will be sent to the registered mobile number.
There are web pages integrated with Google map and
other APIs for the purpose of viewing the vehicle or a person
on the GUI.

4 WORKING OF THE SYSTEM

Fig. 2 Conceptual working of the proposed system

As we have seen in the previous section GPS Satellite gives the position of the AVL device in the form of latitude, longi- tude and altitude. All this information is then given to the Server which is received by the socket listener onto a particu- lar port of the server. The data which is received is in the hex format which is non readable to humans.
By this raw data a log file is prepared, this log file is further given to the Parser which parses the data according to the pro- tocols of the device[7]. After parsing the data the data is con- verted to ASCII format which is human readable and stored into various fields of the database table for further use.
As we store the data into database we can use the data whenever we want it for getting reports, for live tracking, for preparing KML and other purposes as well.

5 PROGRAMATIC IMPLEMENTATION

As it is a web based application so the performance of the it is a web based application so the performance of the system may be hampered by the lack of proper bandwidth, even if the bandwidth is available the performance may be hampered by the working of individual components as it is an asynchron- ous application depending upon the performance of other parts. If the performance of one part is below average the whole application may suffer, so the performance criterion for each component is important and it cannot be compromised.
Some of the components considered are as follows.
a) Socket Listener[15]: It is the most important and critical part of the system as the working of the application and its efficiency completely depends upon the working of this component. We can implement the socket listener with any language whether it be Java or C#.net. The component must be multi threaded to handle as many clients as it can. As this component may be overloaded so the maximum nummber of clients which can run on a single Port must be determined and the port must be changed automatically if it is loaded.
b) Generating KML for Google Maps : KML stands for Keyhole Markup Language[8] it is a file format used to display geographic data in an earth browser, such as Google Earth, Google Maps, and Google Maps for mobile. A KML file is processed in much the same way that HTML (and XML) files are processed by web browsers. Like HTML, KML has a tag-based structure with names and attributes used for specific display purposes[9]. Thus, Google Earth and Maps act as browsers for KML.
When we collect sufficient amount of logs in the database dis- playing that data on the maps in form of last track details will be much heavy for the google maps to load and will in turn affect the performance of the application, so for that purpose we can generate a kml file and give it to the user which can be viewed on google earth application.
c) Generating Tour based on KML: Using the google earth API we can generate a Tour for the user to view in a google earth appli- cation we can integrate this application in the browser which needs a plugin for viewing 3D maps in the browser.

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The research paper published by IJSER journal is about Tracking System using GPS and GSM: Practical Approach 4

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A. S. Shinde who motivated us to write this paper and also our external Guides Mr. Sandeep Madiwal and Mr. Sharad P. for their extended support and Help from Sands Technologies Pvt. Ltd, Pune.These are the people who have helped us in all the ways possible it is because of them we were able to com- plete such a challenging task.

Fig. 3. Touring using google earth and KML

With the help of this we can see the history of the vehicle in the specified time span like a video of the places which it visited in that time period.This provides more intearactivity to the application.
d) Organization of Data: As the number of clients increase it may be hectic job to find the data related to a particular carrier so the data organization also should be proper for quick retrieval, for this purpose data is organized into folders named according to users and ordered by dates

7 CONCLUSION

GPS and GSM integration for vehicle and other objects tracking can be very helpful instead of using GPS network alone.
This system can be further extended for multiple applica- tions as follows
• Anti-theft system for cars and bikes.
• Managing of public transports likes buses and trains.
• Tracking of valuable assets.
• Fleet Management of cars.
• As a vehicle management software for transport
companies
And many more similar applications thus, this system can
prove to be very helpful in future.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First and foremost we would like to thank our guide Prof

REFERENCES

[1] Public release Version, “NAVSTAR GPS USER EQUIPMENT INTRODUC-

TION”, september 1996.

[2] For working of Gps Devices and Network www.casde.iitb.ac.in/IMSL/motion/gps/Seminar%20on%20GPS.pp

t

[3] http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/travel/gps.htm

[4] For information regarding Automotive Navigation System

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_navigation_system. [5] For GPSylon System www.tegmento.org/gpsylon.

[6] For Open GTS www.opengts.org.

[7] FM4xxx Protocols and User Guides. For the study of protocols for the

devices used for tracking

[8] What is KML? Why is it used for? How it is used?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language

[9] http://code.google.com/apis/kml/documentation/

[10] What is Geofence? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geo-fence

[11] For GPS tracking http://www.gpstrackingdevice.net/gps_articles.html

[12] http://www.articlesalley.com/article.detail.php/133304/104/GPS/

Communications/11/How_GPS_Tracking_Can_Be_Used

[13] Vehicle Tracking

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_tracking_system

[14] “Integration of GPS and GSM for Determination of cellular coverage

area”by A. D. Sarma, P. S. Ravikanth and D. Krishna Reddy

[15] “Multi-Tracking System using GPS and GSM” by Sameer Darekar,

Atul Chikane, Prof. Archana Shinde from Proceedings of Interna-

tional Conference on ACCT-2012.

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