International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 12, December-2013 2237
ISSN 2229-5518
THE RESEARCH OF SOME CASSAVA
VARIETY FOR THE ESTIMATION OF BIOETHANOL YIELD
1Researcher of Starch Technology Center , BPPT Jl.Z.A. Pagaralam no 8/36 Bandarlampung
This research was conducted with several variety of cassava which were , UJ-3, Kaserstaat, Caspro, and Malang 6 as the raw
materials of bioethanol. The result of the fermentation that the bioethanol content along 72 hours of fermentation process showed different concentration of green energy bioethnol between UJ-3 , Kaserstaat, Malang -6 and Caspro respectively
The higest starch content of cassava lines got the highest concentration green energy bioethanol. The lowest starch content of cassava lines got the lowest concentration of green energy bioethanol. In this research showed that the first grade and the second grade in producing bioethanol are Kaserstaat and Caspro respectively. There are different concentration of bioethanol in each cassava lines along
72 hours of inoculation.
Key Words : Bioethanol, IMalangJ6, UJ-3, KaserSstaat., Caspro. CassEava. R
Cassava, sweet potato, potato, corn, cane and another starchy plant are able to be the raw materials of Bioethanol. But the master plant of Bioenergy National program decided that cassava and cane as the raw materials which total area up to 3 million hectare nowadays in Indonesia. Cane usually used as raw materials for bioethanol in Thailand, Brazil, India, and Corn used as raw materials of bioethanol in the United States of America.
. The Total Sugar content of cassava, will influence the amount of cassava as the raw material for bioethanol . Sacharification process is one step of Bioethanol production will continue by fermentation process along 72 hours. The final step is distillation which is produce technical grade 95
% to 96 % (v/v) Bioethanol. Dehidration process will get Fuel grade of Bioethanol.99.8% (v/v) which can be used as gasoline for internal combustion enginee as the Ministry of
Research and Technology launched in 17 th of January,
2005
Cassava is easy to be damaged by bacteria and some other microorganisms such as fungus, that make bad condition (deteroriation) of cassava about two or three days after harvesting. The Root colour change become blue and yellowish. The starch content was decrease. This problem can be solved by making cassava flour, cassava starch, dry chips, dry solid, sawut etc. This way would increase manpower need and suitable with the master plan
of The National Bioenergy programm that increasing the job availability and reducing the jobless.
There are some lines of cassava with high starch content but which one is the best for bioethanol raw material is we don’t know yet. This research will answer which one is the best for raw materials..
The objection of this research are : 1) Analysis the concentration of bioethanol production for several cassava variety.2) To estimate bioethanol yield and analysis the scale
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International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 12, December-2013 2238
ISSN 2229-5518
of priority for several high starch and low starch cassava lines as the raw materials.
This research was conducted by some cassava lines that
are :, Kaserstaat (UJ-5), Malang 6, UJ-3 and Caspro were used as raw materials in the production trials. Somogy’s method was used to analysis the Total Sugar of each lines respectively. There is 0.238 gr Alpha Amilase, 0.475 gr Beta amylase used in saccharification process before fermentation process which used nutrient : 0.99 gr Urea, 0.17 gr NPK, and
0.20 gr NH4-NH4 HPO4 respectivelly. Total sugar content was 15 %to 20 % at the beginning of fermentation. The bioethanol concentration examined on the age 0 hours and
72 hours of inoculation respectively.
The result of analysis of water content, starch content ,
cassava roots production and the mean concentration of bioethanol yield from several cassava lines showed in table
1.
Table 1. The result of analysis of Water content, Starch content and Root production of several cassava lines.
No | Cassava Variety | Water content % | Starch content % | Production of fresh root (ton/ha) | Mean Concentration of bioethanol (%), in 72 hour innoculation |
1 | Malang-6 | 54,77 | 16,75 | 19,8 | 9.33 |
2 | Caspro | 55,94 | 16,75 | 28,7 | 7.90 |
3 | Kaserstat | 61,85 | 26,8 | 30,0 | 9.40 |
4 | UJ3 | 60,25 | 27,7 | 25,0 | 11.83 |
IJSER
Fig 1. The water content, starch content, root production and bioethanol concentration
The data in table 1 and fig 1 showed that each variety of cassava have different Mean Concentration of bioethanol after 72 hour of innoculation. Threre is positive correlation between starch content and mean concentration of bioethanol.
The Estimation of bioethanol yield from cassava variety under this research are present in table 2.
Table 2 . The Estimation of bioethanol from 4 cassava variety
No | Cassava lines | Production of fresh root (ton/ha) | Mean Concentration of bioethanol (%) in 72 hours inoculation | Estimation Yield of bioethanol 95% v/v (lt/ha) |
1 | Malang-6 | 19.8 | 9.33 | 2957 |
2 | Caspro | 28.7 | 7.90 | 4100 |
3 | Kaserstat | 30.0 | 9.40 | 4411 |
4 | UJ3 | 25.0 | 11.83 | 3615 |
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Fig 2. The Estimation of bioethanol yield per hectar in each variety of cassava
The data in table 2 and fig2 indicate that UJ-3 is the showed the mean value of bioethanol concentration
11.83% in 72hours of inoculation or fermentation. The bioethanol content of Kaserstaat, Malang 6 and caspro are 9.40% , 9,33 % and 7,90 % respectively. By this data was calculated that it needs 6,5 kg of UJ3, 6,7 kg
72 hours of inoculation that has positive correlation with starch content of cassava.
[1]Anonimuous. 1982. Operation Manual of 8 kL ethanol
production JICA, Japan.
Kaserstaat 6, 6,8kg/lt oIf MalanJg 6 and 7.0 Skg of Caspro ER
for one litre of bioethanol respectively.
. UJ3 as the higest starch content of cassava lines got the highest concentration of bioethanol about 11. 83% (v/v). The lowest starch content of cassava lines that is Caspro got the lowest concentration of bioethanol. In this research showed that the first grade and the second grade in producing bioethanol are Kaserstaat 4411 lt/ha and Caspro 4100 lt/ha respectively. There are different concentration of bioethanol in each cassava variety along
[2]Atmojo, Nurul. 2006. Technical report of cassava field trial in Negara Bumi Ilir, Central of Lampung, Lampung province.
[3]Erli, Fitri, 2006 . The data of Inoculation trial of bioethanol from cassava
[4]Koes Hartojo, 2003. Pemberdayaan Agribisnis
Ubikayu. Badan Penelitian dan
Pengembangan Pertanian, Balitkabi, Malang.
[5]Suismono, 2003. Prospek usaha Agroindustri dan Agribisnis ubikayu.Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian.
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