International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 5, DĂLJͲϮϬϭϱ

ISSN 2229-5518

1782

Shack Man Mask

By Wanny Abdel Fattah Mohamed

The British University in Egypt

Abstract

Represent a significant car exhaust causing major sources of air pollution as a result of increasing the number of vehicles on the capacity of roads and low average speed of the car. Led both population growth and the movement of economic development and increase the number of vehicles in the past last loads to increase air pollution range of pollutants is the particulate matter and oxides of carbon and nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons.

Index Terms

Environmental pollution, Dry batteries, Carbon mono oxide, Porous material, Permeable

Material, health Safety Environment (HSE).

Introduction

nvironment: is everything outside the human body, and all that surrounds it of assets, The air he breathes and the water we drink, and the land on
which dwells upon and farmed, and surrounded by living organisms or inanimate are the elements of the environment in which they live, a framework that is practiced the various activities. The most important characteristic of the natural environment is a delicate balance between the different elements, and if there has been any change of some sort in one of these environments has avoid natural conditions after a period of the effects of this change, Examples include the renewal of nature trees after fire destroys the areas of forest, this balance between the constituent elements of the so-called environment (ecological balance) and any change to the elements of the environment undesirable result of human activities, which cause damage to human health and living organisms is environmental pollution.

The causes of environmental pollution

Produced overpopulation in many major cities damage. Busy streets have been unable, and power plants and water purification plants, and sewage plants and other to meet the needs of this huge inflation of the population; also led industrial progress to bring enormous pressure on many of the natural resources, is no longer the environment is able to renew their resources and consumption of waste resulting from activities various human, Smoke rising from car exhaust and factory chimneys and power plants as well as some bug or heavy metals such as lead fumes led to air pollution, where the fumes remain suspended in the air for several days. This is what we call smog, and serious effects do not appear on the human directly, but in the long run to dementia and dementia and attention deficit disorder, memory, hallucinations and delusions, and which leads to mental retardation and depression, including those affecting the respiratory
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International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 5, DĂLJͲϮϬϭϱ

ISSN 2229-5518

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system Pollution, greenhouse gases as burning fossil fuels leads to the rise of large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Forms of pollution

The air pollution causes the rainy days what we call acid rain is a phenomenon that drew attention to it after that caused many wealth of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and damages according to the cycle of nature and the food chain, according to the movement of air pollution from one place goes to another and from one geographical environment to another, as the melt plankton in water vapor mobile in the air to go back again to the soil, and if we add to this the dumping of waste, including waste adamic, and industrial waste chemical highly toxic in waterways and products, for we realized the size of the tragedy experienced by the environment due to human facts and ignorance of the harms done in spite of the progress and the increase consciousness and knowledge.

Figure[ 1] the Black clouds

The other thing which increased the tragedy and the weight of the heavy burden of excessive human chemicals use in all fields and are pesticides used in agricultural pest control, the most serious of these materials
and the most prevalent, where suck plant these materials and store appear in the milk and meat, and cause a lot of damage to those covered, disturbances in the function of the stomach, liver, and some aspects of lethargy and apathy, and sometimes lead to the destruction of genetic elements in cells and distortion of embryos, add to that it caused killed a lot of birds and fish through the food chain. Pollution is no less dangerous than other radiotherapy, with due seriousness of body exposure to radiation to ionize the contents of the body, where ionizing radiation interacts with components of a living cell, which leads to a natural activity disorder.

Figure [2] the streets of cities are polluted more than thirty times in the remote towns

Porous material

The energy costs associated with the separation and purification of industrial commodities, such as gases, fine chemicals and fresh water, currently represent around 15 per cent of global energy production, and the demand for such commodities is projected to triple by 2050 (ref.
1). The challenge of developing effective
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International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 5, DĂLJͲϮϬϭϱ

ISSN 2229-5518

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separat have m
for carbon dioxide (CO2) than for other gases; in addition to its involvement in climate change, CO2 is an impurity in natural gas, biogas (natural gas produced from biomass), syngas (CO/H2, the main source of hydrogen in refineries) and many other gas streams. In the context of porous crystalline materials that can exploit both equilibrium and kinetic selectivity, size selectivity and targeted molecular recognition are attractive characteristics for CO2 separation and capture, as exemplified by zeolites 5A and
13X (ref. 2), as well as metal-organic materials (MOMs). Here we report that a crystal engineering or reticular chemistry strategy that controls pore functionality and size in a series of MOMs with coordinately saturated metal centres and periodically arrayed hex fluorosilicate (SiF(2-)(6)) anions enables a

'sweet spot' of kinetics and thermodynamics that offers high volumetric uptake at low CO2 partial pressure (less than 0.15 bar). Most importantly, such MOMs offer an unprecedented CO2 sorption selectivity over N2, H2 and CH4, even in the presence of moisture. These MOMs are therefore relevant to CO2 separation in the context of post- combustion (flue gas, CO2/N2), pre-combustion (shifted synthesis gas stream, CO2/H2) and natural gas upgrading (natural gas clean-up.

Permeable material

Current carbon-capture technology uses caustic amine-based solvents to separate CO2 from the flue gas escaping a facility’s smokestacks. But state-of-the-art processes are expensive, result in a significant reduction in a power plant’s output, and yield toxic byproducts. The new technique employs an abundant and environmentally benign sorbent: sodium carbonate, which is kitchen-grade baking soda. The microencapsulated carbon sorbents (MECS) achieve an order-of-magnitude increase in CO2 absorption rates compared to sorbents currently used in carbon capture. Another advantage is that amines break down over time, while carbonates have a virtually limitless shelf life.

Figure[ 4] Permeable material

Figure[ 3 ] Porous material

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International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 5,DĂLJͲϮϬϭϱ

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Shack Man Mask

Figure [5 ] Shack Man Mask

Pyramidal absorber are typically thick materials with pyramidal or cone structures extending perpendicular to the surface in a regularly spaced pattern. Pyramidal absorbers were developed so that the interface presents a gradual transition in Impedance from air to that of the absorber. The height and periodicity of the pyramids tend to be on the order of one wavelength. For shorter structures, or longer wavelengths, the waves are effectively met by a more abrupt change in the impedance.

Pyramidal absorbers thus have a minimum operating frequency above which they provide high attenuation over wide frequency and angle ranges. These absorbers provide the best performance. The disadvantage of pyramidal absorbers is their

thickness and tendency to be fragile. They are usually used for anechoic chambers. A more robust flat “pyramidal” absorber has been fabricated using multilayers with a pyramidal type structure being described by resistive sheets. Pyramidal and wedge shaped absorbers have been designed using a Tschebyshev transformer technique and have been investigated with Finite Element Methods.

This material is typically a slab composed of a low loss material mixed with a lossy material. The lossy component is homogeneously dispersed parallel to the surface, with a gradient perpendicular to the surface and increasing into the material. One type of material includes an open celled foam or 3-d plastic net, dipped or sprayed with lossy material from one side, or allowed to drain and dry. It is difficult toReproducibly fabricate a gradient in this manner. A second type is composed of homogeneous layers with increasing loading in the direction of propagation (i.e. the gradient is created as a step function).

The advantage of these materials is that they are thinner than the pyramidal absorbers. The disadvantage is that they have poorer performance and it is best to vary the Impedance gradient over one or more wavelengths.

Resonant materials are also called tuned or quarter wavelength absorbers and include Dallenbach layers, Salisbury Screen and Jaumann layers. In this class of materials the impedance is not matched between incident and absorbing media and the material is thin so that not all the power is absorbed. This arrangement results in reflection and transmission at the first interface. The reflected wave undergoes a phase reversal of π. The transmitted wave travels through the

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International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 5,DĂLJͲϮϬϭϱ

ISSN 2229-5518

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absorbing medium and is reflected from a metal backing. This second reflection also results in a phase reversal of π before the wave propagates back to the incident medium. If the optical distance travelled by the transmitted wave is an even multiple of

½ wavelengths then the two reflected waves will be out of phase and destructively interfere. If the magnitude of the two reflected waves is equal then the total reflected intensity is zero.

After the carbons deposit in the material it may be uses recycle industry such as dry batteries.

Dry batteries

Initial dry batteries are the most common types of primary dry cells. These types of batteries are different in many respects, but they all share certain basic components. There are in all primary battery dry Electrolyte between the electrodes located in Shipping cause one of them, the cathode (cathode) negatively charged, and the
other is called the positive electrode (cathode or the elevator) shipment positive. And helps the electrolyte in the continued strengthening of the chemical reactions
that occur at the poles.
Dry cell consists of a package of zinc filled with materials that generate an electric current as a result of a chemical reaction between them. The packaging wall itself cathode of the cell. Carbon column works at the center pole positive ingredients are called poles, each pole is composed of
different active chemical type.

Figure[ 6 ] Dry batteries

Conclusions

Many of the absorber structures considered here would be useful for human being to reduce the effect of carbon mono oxide as much as possible in addition make uses of deposited material to recycle it into useful product with the aim of keeping the environment clean.

Recommendations

I hope to continue the R&D about this issue.

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International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 5, DĂLJͲϮϬϭϱ

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